Diy dryer motor wind turbine EUDAX Mini Generator Motors 3V-12V DC Motor Electric Motor for DIY Toys Wind I am working on a bit of a mini proof of concept HAWT positioned VAWT Wind Turbine (google Ridgeblade), and need to be able to produce 12 DC. 1Set Mini Wind Turbine Motor. The delivery kit needs to assemble by yourself, just enjoy the DIY fun. My inspiration came from seeing other wind turbine instructions online. STEP 1 : The Materials Required Satellite stand (as the base Vertical Wind Turbine Generator. In actual measurement: Wind motor generator can simultaneously power 8pcs 5V 5W LED lamps. You wouldn't be able to control the speed easily, and the power is so low that it wouldn't be very useful for power tools. KidWind sells the . I take apart the generator casing and mount so I can connect it directly to the dryer motor's drive shaft. It is often referred to as an AC series motor. Feb 14, 2023 · The process of building a wind turbine from a front load wash machine. The original tutorial for yhe wind turbine can be found here. 3 kph). Feb 22, 2022 · Building a DIY wind turbine is an easy project if you have the right tools and materials. ph/product/55295356/21736509848?smtt=0. Originally, it was made to describe the effects on windmill vanes. British seafarer Sir Francis Beaufort (1774–1857) was by no means the first to publish such a scale; his work descended from that of civil engineer John Smeaton (1759) and geographer/hydrographer Alexander Dalrymple (1790). You'll need a PVC pipe for the turbine body, wooden or plastic blades, a small DC motor, copper wire for the coils, strong magnets, bearings, a tail vane, and various nuts and bolts. You would find a motor that by similar calculations would deliver the power you want at the RPM you have. And the average wind speed in the US is 12 mph (19. Jul 13, 2024 · The successful operation of a similar wind turbine setup in Arizona highlights the efficiency of harnessing wind power for electricity. Let’s get into details. 4 out of 5 stars 506 1 offer from $999 $ 9 99 12000W Low Speed Gearless Permanent Magnet Generator 12V 24V 48V 120V 220V 3 Phase Gearless Electric Generator Free Energy AC Alternator Use for Water Wind Turbine with BaseFEATURES:Low start up speed & Low torqueGear-less, direct drive, low RPM generator. In this video I show you how a simple fan can also work as a wind turbine, without modifications. Add an angle iron section across the the centre with a hole drilled at the centre able to take the wheel axle. newphysicist. With a total project cost of $140. Using DC Motor As Generator And PVC Pipe For Making Turbine. Sep 21, 2024 · To make a wind turbine generator, make a motor cutout by keeping a motor as the axle and covering it with thick cardboard plates. And children 6 years old and above can build it by themself! Let's them explore the Low-tech Wind Turbine With Old Printer Motor: Build a small wind turbine from an old printer stepper motor. Jul 3, 2020 · in other words motor/generator impedance can increase to 10x DCR at max power to 100xDCR with no load (from reducing the electrical load current) Fans, Rotors or wind turbines are just the opposite. to make something move, a wind turbine is connected to the motor, and its movement generates. This wind turbine is based on the Chispito Wind Generator with its simple and efficient design and assembly. For beginners, there's a micro wind turbine that's perfect for small electronics. This minimum speed means that most country areas have enough wind to generate power with a turbine. At this point, I haven't rewired any of the coils. The size needs to match the dryer motor's power output and RPM range. Jan 7, 2017 · Washing machine motor after rewiring is perfect to light up AC Bulbs, Fans when flowing water is used as source to rotate the motor. Make body with wood, a block of wood should be in square should be nailed in one corner of the wood and make a slit in the other corner. In this video, watch as John Park, from Maker Workshop, takes an old treadmill motor and some PVC pipe and in just a short time turns them into a wind-power generator. I've considered a permanent magnet generator but they're way too expensive so jm looking for a cheaper alternative with a relativity good efficiency. Instructions for the class: Using A4 paper, paper clips, cork, (optional - motor, wires), a ruler, and a hair dryer. Energy Generator. Jun 18, 2007 · In the case of wind turbines, high-eff bike motors could be used for geared systems. The 'Wind Energy – The Facts' publication is wi To get the motor spinning , we need to translate the wind energy into mechanical energy. ) Turning a Washing Machine Motor Into a Powerful Wind Turbine GeneratorIn this exciting DIY project, we demonstrate how to transform a common washing machine With the dryer motor separated, I now source a small generator that can be coupled to it. $30 DIY Wind Turbine Basic PVC Wind Turbine Parts List . #4 DIY Washing Machine Motor Vertical Wind Turbine Create two 700mm square frames These frames to hold the axle bolt and make the whole construction simpler. Don't forget to check out our other channel found here https://www. While these motors are typically rated at more than one horsepower, that rating is at several thousand rpm. I see people talking about washer motors what about 220 dryer motor? Jun 7, 2014 · Turn ANY Motor into a wind generator. There are different designs of varying complexities. Feb 8, 2024 · There are many resources available online to help you with your wind turbine design. com/channel/UC1E8OmOG17VckoPviOPmkMwIf you want to have a look at those special vi Here is the hub bolted to the coils with a cutout for some wiring. Subscribe May 27, 2022 · How Much Wind Speed Do You Need To Power a Small Wind Turbine? You need a minimum wind speed of around nine mph (14. co. I used a cheap used wash machine as parts to build this DIY wind turbine. 13/Item) May 19, 2023 · DIY Wind Turbine, Image instructables 2- Mini DIY Wind Turbine For Home (video tutorial) To build this diy wind turbine like in this youtube you need a DC motor to be connected to the axle. Safety Precautions When Conducting DIY Dryer Motor Testing. Using an even number of blades, such as 2 or 4, makes a wind turbine more likely to vibrate as it spins. The RPM obtained with this method are low, which in certain cases cannot obtain a minimum voltage and power value in order to turn on the LEDs. 5V Output current: 0. under 1 inch diameter) are only really useful for powering a couple of LEDs, larger motors can be used to recharge batteries and much more. EUDAX Mini Generator Motors 3V-12V DC Motor Electric Motor for DIY Toys Wind Turbine Generator Hand Cranked Power Generator model (Plastic motor holder) 4. Teacher Notes. 0 out of 5 stars 5 4 offers from $15047 $ 150 47 Jan 18, 2022 · About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright Aug 31, 2023 · It’s also important to note that you always have the option to buy a manufactured wind turbine. Turn washing machine motor into wind generator . Vertical turbines rule! I assume the propeller type are more efficient since the big commercial wind farms use them, but I always wonder if vertical turbines would actually be cheaper to operate and insure since all the major workings are on the ground. Jul 17, 2018 · Micro Vertical Wind Turbines Small Motor Wind Blades Generator DIY Wind Turbine Generator Model for Teaching Physical Power Generation : Amazon. It is a commutated series-wound motor where the stator's field coils are connected in series with the rotor windings through a commutator. This tutorial was realised by the Low-tech Lab, you will find more tutorials for low-technologies on our website. To carry out the experiments, a three-phase induction motor was used, which could vary the frequency of the supply current with a Variable Frecuency Drive (VFD) and with it, the RPM of its Aug 8, 2013 · See my latest hydro generator build / Full installation here - https://www. 2 days ago · Mini Wind Turbine Motor. Output current: 0. If you want to have a look at those special videos become a member and join by clicking this link https://www. It's a good idea to keep an eye on the transmission lines when performing periodic inspections of the turbine and blades, but you'll only need to give the turbine a couple of spins to straighten things out once or twice a year. 3 out of 5 stars 203 In this video, we build a DIY wind turbine for a science project and demonstrate how it can power a small motor for irrigation. Aug 10, 2023 · Wind turbine efficiency refers to how well the turbine converts wind energy into electrical energy. The top motor provided a stable, frictionless base for the blade rotation, which was crucial for smooth operation. High torque, but low RPM (probably), constant speed. To rotate the fan ,you can blow the wind by your mouth , hair dryer or a fan. I used some old pins from a tent to connect the ropes to the ground and at the side of the turbine i used 3 eye screws. The real color of the item may be slightly different from the pictures shown on website caused by many factors such as brightness of your monitor and light brightness. 89 ($3. We have included several photos showing our changes, using the larger 20 amp motor. 5V Micro Motor Small LED Lights Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Generator Blades Full Set DIY Wind Generator Windmill (3 Blades, White Color) : Patio, Lawn & Garden The universal motor is so named because it is a type of electric motor that can operate on AC or DC power. com/diy-win Feb 24, 2023 · Putting some well-constructed, 50-to-60 inch diameter blades on that motor will easily produce 450 rpm in wind speeds of 8-10 mph when the motor is under load (under load means the motor is connected to your battery bank. Then run it & test loading it with a some automotive bulbs (incandescent type), eg brake (parking + brake filaments), headlamp (high/low beam options). Being the most powerful motor in the place isn’t always the best thing, but combined Sep 5, 2022 · Product: Horizontal Wind Turbine KIT: Motor for DIY Wind Turbine: Power: 800 W: 400 W: Preview: Rating: : : Price: Check price on Amazon: Check price on Amazon Small Wind Turbine Generator Micro DC Motor Power Wind Turbines Electricity Fan Blades Model Bicycle LED Light DIY Kits for Teaching Physical Power Generation Science Experiment $21. As you can see on the little movies i connected some ropes to the turbine to hold it stable. Other values of electrical magnitudes could be determined to try to characterize the nema 17 stepper motor in its role as generator in this Wind Turbine. They start from high impedance at 0 RPM wind and then impedance can drop with rising wind speed and depends on the blade design. It's a permanent magnet alternator, generating 3 phase ac, rectified to dc, and fed to a charge controller. Direct-drive turbines need beefier bearings than most bike motors have, to handle the loads of large blades and strong gusts. It is advisable to use three cardboard plates glued together and finally connect the motor to the cardboard disc of the structure. JOSKAA 12000W Low RPM Permanent Magnet Generator 12V 24V 48V 120V 220V, Free Energy Gearless Permanent Magnet Generator Motor DIY for Wind Turbine Water Turbine,220V 3. uk. Oct 17, 2024 · Before you begin your DIY wind turbine project, it's essential to gather all the necessary materials and tools. Oct 8, 2019 · Simple way to repurpose a dryer motor and make it run Jul 21, 2020 · The author notes that the one drawback is that it takes quite a bit of wind to start the rotation. Aug 22, 2007 · Therefore small wind turbine blades can be mounted directly onto the motor shaft rather than through a noisy and complicated gearing mechanism. Jul 14, 2023 · Wind turbines can be heavy, dangerous machines, with fast-moving blades and the chance for electrical shocks. Works good. Thanks for looking! Get this kit to keep your kids occupied with hands-on activities while enjoying the "wind turbine" generating renewable energy that power a LED when there is wind blows. I’m MrWire - “The King of Elecronics” and I make videos related t A turbine is basically a motor connected backwards. Here are the basic steps you’ll need to follow: Nov 4, 2020 · The wind speed scale we use today dates back to the 18th century. So, the next time you think of discarding that old washing machine or drill, consider giving it a second life as a wind turbine. Power Alternative. They might even cause less cancer! /s. Wind turbines are best located in areas in which wind speeds are 26-32 kph (16-20 mph) with the windmill at 50 meters (55 yards) high. Sadly, we are Find and save ideas about washing machine motor on Pinterest. This four-phase motor will put out up to 1 Amp per phase at up to 84 Volts. That's pretty high up. Basically turbine reached near 90% energy efficiency and Washing Machine Motor has lot of patents for making it reverse of turbine. Pvc Wind Mill: This is a wind powered turbine that shows you that you can make power by using the wind. I choose an inexpensive generator typically used for DIY wind and hydro projects. I can't think of other applications that fit this motor as well. This motor was found oneBay. uk for £15 plus £3. However, before you start tinkering with your appliance, it is essential to prioritize safety to prevent any potential accidents or injuries. **Read full instructions here**https://www. Basic PVC Wind Turbine. More infomation can be found at EcoElementals. Apr 8, 2024 · Having taken into account budget, ease-of-installation, durability, power and power efficiency, we’ve reached the conclusion that our absolute favourite wind turbine motor on the market today is the Walfront NE400 24V 400W Permanent Magnet Electric Motor. [ I have posted this question in a few subreddits and been removed from a few subreddits lmao but I am having a hard time trying to figure out my motor for a wind turbine!] Hello! Thank you in advanced I am designing a wind turbine from scratch. Once you have a design plan in place, it’s time to start building. The magnets spin with the wind, the coils are fixed, so no brushes or slip rings necessary. The blades were attached to a motor, used in reverse as a generator, to produce voltage. For a classroom of 25 kids we recommend having at least three turbines for blade testing. Look for wind turbine design guides, forums, and videos to get ideas and advice from other DIY wind turbine builders. EUDAX 6 Set Mini Generator Motors 3V-12V DC Motor Electric Motor with Propellers Fan Leaf for DIY Electronic Toys Wind Turbine Hand Cranked Power Model School Project Educational Physics Experiment 4. Students can create their own wind turbine. Now the adapter is made of two 3mm thick steel plates with a diameter of 6 inch. 94in Packaging List:2pcs Note : Whether it is used as wind power or hydropower, it must support enough power to the fan rotation fast , then the leds can be bright. The universal motor is very similar to a DC series DIY Wind Turbine: This instructable will demonstrate how to build a power generating wind turbine. Detailed instructions One aspect that I have found that can cause certain problems in the generation of this type of simple Wind Turbines is the direct coupling of the motor shaft to the Savonius Rotor shaft. Blade LED DIY Kit. FWIW, the current hot DIY turbine generator is the brushless DC (BLDC) motor from a Fisher & Paykel washing machine. About Wind Energy - The Facts Wind Energy - The Facts (WindFacts) was a European project financed by the Intelligent Energy - Europe programme of the Executive Agency for Competitiveness and Innovation that ran from November 2007 to October 2009. This DIY kit is simple enough to be built by 4 years old children, with parent's help. Rather than connecting a battery to the motor. 5 kph) to power a wind turbine. We built a 1000 watt wind turbine to help charge the battery bank that powers our offgrid home. 50 postage. With this st CONPEX POWER STATION 👇👇👇👇👇👇Shopee links:Conpex power station 300w (peak power 600w) 60,000mAhhttps://shopee. The voltage rating should match the voltage of the battery bank that will be used to store the energy generated by the wind turbine. Most likely, you’re constructing a “small” wind generator with a power output of 100-500 watts When the motor is under load (meaning the motor is attached to your battery bank), any well-constructed 50-to-60 inch diameter blades on that motor will easily produce 450 rpm in wind speeds of 8-10 mph. Sep 9, 2022 · A Wind Turbine is one of the essential elements of renewable energy and is free. We have solar panels installed at home, but for an alternative energy source, a DIY wind turbine can come in handy. Dec 31, 2024 · DIY Wind Turbine Ideas for Free and Green Energy Source DIY Wind Turbine Design Ideas. Charge Controller Wiring Diagram for DIY Wind Turbine or Solar Panels: This diagram shows the basic setup for those who wish to build their own Wind or Solar energy project. I used 25mm pipe. Manufacturers offer warranties and have all the parts necessary to set up your turbine. If so, I probably wouldn't do much with it. Apr 24, 2017 · Treadmill motors are popular for small wind generators because they are rugged, widely available and inexpensive when purchased used. I honestly am really confused as I see many DC motors set to several thousand RPM, and I know even with a gear or belt system I can only get 500-1000pm at the most from the turbine. Knowing how to make solar panels or wind turbines for off-grid living is a huge advantage for a self-sufficient lifestyle. com/playlist?list=PLrCvcRxFfyzu8IdzghRF66pqH7M0yQZ6SA detailed step by ste Meaning the wind usually blows in one direction, and wind turbines rarely make full 360° turns when tracking the wind. Power Generation Mode: DC. ca: Patio, Lawn & Garden Amazon. com/channel/UC4AkVj-qnJxNtKuz3rkq16A/jo Turning unused home appliances into wind turbines is not just a DIY project but a step towards sustainability. Would a 2008 Whirlpool dryer be a good motor to salvage? Logic board died so the in-laws got a new one. electricity. I would like to design 3 turbine sizes. Engineers design wind turbines that turn the kinetic energy Oct 24, 2024 · Discover five diverse DIY turbine generator blueprints for home power production. " Whether you build or buy the blades, you'll likely want to have 3 blades on your wind turbine. 01-5. › Most likely, you’re constructing a “small” wind generator with a power output of 100-500 watts When the motor is under load (meaning the motor is attached to your battery bank), any well-constructed 50-to-60 inch diameter blades on that motor will easily produce 450 rpm in wind speeds of 8-10 mph. The Pelton wheel is attached to the washing machine’s motor shaft, and water is diverted through a pipe to spin the Pelton wheel. Thanks to mdavis19 for h… What goes into the design of a wind turbine? The majority of wind turbines feature a horizontal axis: blades that rotate around a horizontal axis in a propeller-style configuration. Watch how renewable energy is Nov 4, 2024 · Yes, a recycled motor can be used for a DIY wind turbine. You can measure how much electricity (voltage) is produced with a voltmeter. youtube. I was planning on finding a way to have some electricity there just to power a laptop (50W), a phone, a bluetooth speaker, a couple of 5W LED lights, etc. Feb 17, 2024 · Instructions can be found online through a general Internet search for "DIY wind turbine blades. It can be driven by wind, gears and pulleys to generate current to light up LEDs. To maximize power generation, I included two sets of EUDAX Mini Generator Motors 3V-12V DC Motor Electric Motor for DIY Toys Wind Turbine Generator Hand Cranked Power Generator Model (Plastic Motor Holder) 4. Small stepper motors (i. Building Your Wind Turbine. There are many DIY generator projects on the web using these same washing machine motors and some describe various ways to rewire them for different voltages and currents. Factors such as the turbine’s design, rotor size, and wind speed can affect its efficiency. All the materials were scavenged from garages, and junk shops, effectively making the cost of this DIY wind turbine project $0. 1. 99 Nov 22, 2021 · I am making a dual rotor wind turbine ( nearly ready to fly ) and I am using an electric bike motor hub , let me know what you think of the design , when the blades are staggered correctly they catch the wind really well I love the concept of using gearing to try and bet more power. e. com: Aecorbir Mini Wind Power Generator with 5W USB Bulb DIY Wind Turbine Model Set Kits Teaching Tool ABS Plastic Mini Wind Turbine (Color : 1 Set)(USB Cable 1 Meter 5w Light Bulb) : Patio, Lawn & Garden Again, we can re-wind it so this power is delivered at say 5V: but we can't get more power. DIY Wind Turbine Makers | Would a 2008 Whirlpool dryer be a good motor to salvage 5kw wind turbine generator to make a whole system for powering home. It’s a creative and effective way to repurpose old motors, reducing waste and generating renewable energy. Build your wind turbine generator and save up to 80% off your power bills. Jun 10, 2021 · EUDAX 6 Set Mini Generator Motors 3V-12V DC Motor Electric Motor with Propellers Fan Leaf for DIY Electronic Toys Wind Turbine Hand Cranked Power Generator Model School Project Educational Physics Experiment This is a multi-functional beginner's Kit. 62, building a wind turbine at home proves to be an affordable alternative to commercial options. So to make the motor spin we need to mount the blades on the hub motor and for that we are going to need an adapter. Well, that's what you'd have to do. If it really is a 3-phase motor (which at this point we don't know, because you did not provide us with enough information), then it should be used as a 3-phase machine. Power output, on the other hand, is the amount of electrical energy that the turbine generates. When you put up your turbine make sure to have someone that can hold the turbine while you connect the wires to the ground. Cheap & somewhat robust! Hi, I am building a small camping outpost/shed in an area where there is no power wiring and just a private well for water. Here is DIY Home Power Generator From Washing Machine Motor Guide. 89 $ 21 . A wind power system consists of the wind turbine, one or more batteries to store power produced by the turbine, a blocking diode to prevent power from the batteries being wasted spinning the motor/generator, a secondary load to dump power from the turbine into when the batteries are fully charged, and a charge controller to run everything. 01-100mA Rated speed: 100-6000 r / min Material :nylon and metal Fan diameter:10cm/3. Update: DIY Amp Hour meter for monitoring charge! Sep 6, 2024 · Wind turbines need wind speeds of at least 15 kilometers (9 miles) per hour, for small wind turbines, and 21 kilometers (14 miles) per hour, for utility-scale turbines. com FREE DELIVERY possible on eligible purchases Mar 6, 2020 · What you need to know about PMA's, PMG's, rectifiers, controllers, masts, batteries, dump loads, wiring, ratings, max wind and max output, and more. I think a sander is a pretty good application. The average manufactured turbine costs around $1,000. Nov 23, 2014 · Being prepared also means you need to have multiple redundant systems in place to supply your electricity in the event one or more of your power generating systems is fried by lighting, a tree falling on your solar panels, a storm knocking out your wind turbine, or an asteroid smashing your battery bank shed. DIY dryer motor testing can be a cost-effective way to diagnose and fix issues with your dryer. If you’re like me, who can’t stand the noise of a generator and the stench of gas, consider a wind generator. This costs around 50 dollars, and is easy to build in a day. I hope to simplify the process with clear, easy to follow instructions. I decided to use two treadmill motors for this project. Vertical axis wind turbine Diy Tutorial. Amazon. The only downside is that manufactured wind turbines are more expensive than DIY wind turbines. In this article, we will discuss steps to make a DIY wind turbine. Hi, im wondering if it's possible to use a brushless dc motor as a generator for my wind turbine project. PVC Pipe & Fittings & Dowels I can choose a voltage on my power supply and assume that the small brushed motor behave approximatively as a wind turbine: Without breaking torque it reaches a maximum speed. 01-0. but it can easily be built with about $20 worth of parts. Such as bicycle wind power lighting. High quality bearing and magnet, easy to send out quantity of heat and keep magnetic This project will guide you through converting an old Fisher & Paykel SmartDrive washing machine into a Pelton Wheel hydroelectric generator capable of providing off-grid power for your home. Getting a large DC motor however can sometimes be difficult. We need to know about the motor, please. You'll find designs for a versatile vertical axis turbine, an efficient horizontal axis rooftop generator, and a portable wind turbine for on-the-go energy. This Mission Unstoppable video, hosted by Miranda Cosgrove, shares the May 20, 2024 · The Motor and Gearing System. When selecting a motor for this purpose, it is important to consider the specifications of the motor such as its voltage, current, and speed rating. I would be very interested in the design for your turbine blade, I'm working on a 3D printed vane style anemometer and finding high surface area, low weight blades optimized for measuring low wind speeds accurately has proven quite tricky. com: NINILADY 10w 5. Your application will define your wiring. DIY Wind Turbine Plans 1. If a breaking torque is applied, the motor slows down (in our case the relation torque-speed is linear and for real wind turbines it is usually a parabole). If it is blowing in the hair dryer, current and voltage estimates will be higher. Google has lots of results for "hoverboard motor wind turbine"! I'd start with 400V/10A bridge rectifiers (the metal case ones), these are tough. Jan 4, 2009 · Building a generator can be a fun and fairly simple project. I'd only be getting 1/3 of the potential power out of the motor? Hard to say. Horizontal axis turbines can be upwind (the wind hits the blades before the tower) or downwind (the wind hits the blades after the tower) (the wind hits the tower Buy WUDOLI Engine Vehicle R300C Hair Dryer Round Small Motor, Electric High Power Handmade DIY Turbine Generator Wind Energy Kit Ride Toy: Fan Motors - Amazon. (Hey, it could happen. No, that's not how it works. 4 out of 5 stars 495 1 offer from $9. They are permanent magnet motors, which means they work as generators when turned and output direct current that can then be used to charge batteries. Learn to make vertical axis wind turbine at home. Here is a writeup on how to make a generator from an old washing machine dr… Mar 1, 2024 · Tumo-Int 1000W 3-Blades Wind Turbine Generator Kit DIY wind turbine generator kit 24V, 1000 Watts, three-phase permanent magnet AC generator, low wind startup, aluminum alloy body: Marsrock 400W Wind Turbine Generator Wind turbine motor for DIY projects 12V/24V, 400 Watts, three-phase AC generator, low wind startup, durable construction Output voltage: 0. However, all these wind turbines designs must have a generator and blades. Below is a parts list for this wind turbine. In this sustainable energy activity, aerospace engineer Jasmine Sadler builds a series of small-scale wind turbines, then measures their effectiveness with a hair dryer to create wind, a voltmeter to measure generated energy, and a single LED waiting to be powered. Therefore at the low RPMs typical of a DIY wind turbine you could expect to generate a high enough voltage after rectification to keep a 12 volt battery bank topped up. 2A. In this DIY project, we'll walk you through the process of creating your very own vertical axis wind turbine using items you might already have lying around, like an old satellite stand, a bicycle rim, and even empty water bottles. Not only for testing and teaching purposes, but also for many practical DIY purposes. vkm ngys dde oky gdmnk atkf qpcgjz hsrb xkhtuzy jftv